Junior Bible Quiz 10 Point Practice Test 2026 – Comprehensive Study Guide

This question is about who carried out the key conquest that ended the independent Kingdom of Judah. Nebuchadnezzar II, ruler of the Neo-Babylonian Empire, besieged Jerusalem and captured the city, destroying the temple and leading many Judeans into exile in Babylon around 586 BCE. This act is the defining moment of the Babylonian captivity.

Cyrus the Great was a Persian king who came after Babylon fell, and he eventually allowed exiles to return. Darius was another later Persian ruler. Hammurabi ruled Babylon much earlier, around the 18th century BCE, long before Judah existed in its later form. So the king who conquered Jerusalem and Judah was Nebuchadnezzar.